Philosophy

This page is for research and translations on philosophical texts, in particular texts relating to the the view of emptiness/ultimate nature such as Empty-of-Other (Shentong).

1) Tāranātha’s Commentary on the Heart Sūtra . Translated and edited by Adele Tomlin. First edition, published by the Library of Tibetan Works and Archives, 2017. Second edition, Dakini Publications. 160 pages. English, with the Tibetan root text. Copies can be bought here.
Tāranātha’s Commentary on the Heart Sūtra (second edition, 2023), with new artwork created especially for it by master Tibetan calligrapher, Jamyang Dorje

A detailed study, translation and commentary on the Heart Sūtra written by Tāranātha (1575–1634), with extensive annotations from his longer commentary on the Sutra, The Previously Non-Existent Explanation of the Heart Sutra (shes rab snying po’i ‘grel ba sngon med legs bshad). Tāranātha is widely considered to be one of the most remarkable Buddhist scholars, translators and practitioners from Tibet.

In his commentary, Tāranātha succinctly distils his vast studies of Indian and Tibetan Buddhist thought on prajñāpāramitā and Buddha-Nature with the philosophical view of ‘Empty-of-Other’.  The leitmotif of the text is Tāranātha’s five-fold assertion that the Sūtra ‘clearly teaches the Empty-of-Other Great Madhyamaka’.  For Tāranātha, this confirms that ‘the intention of all three Turnings is the Empty-of-Other Great Madhyamaka’.

Tāranātha’s explanation is a valuable addition to the corpus of (Indian and Tibetan) translated commentaries on the Heart Sūtra.  As a concise distillation of the Jonang view of Empty-of-Other and its connection to prajñāpāramitā, it provides the reader with a reasoned analysis as to why prajñāpāramitā involves not only ‘seeing’ that all phenomena are empty of intrinsic existence, but also realizing, via primordial awareness, that the ultimate nature is ‘unchanging’ and ‘permanent’, going beyond ‘impermanent’ conditioning, duality and mental elaborations.

In his foreword to the book, Prof. Matthew Kapstein (University of Chicago, Ecole Pratique des Hautes Etudes in Paris) states it is:

“…a valuable service to Tibetan Buddhist Studies. Her work, originally written as her M.A thesis, is clear and precise throughout, well-exemplifying the distinguished tradition of research on Buddhism at the University of Hamburg…..Ms Tomlin’s study may be recommended as a particularly attractive and accessible introduction to the Jonangpa’s distinctive doctrinal perspective.”

English language (contains the root text in Tibetan), 160 pages. If you would like a copy of this book posted to you, please contact me or the LTWA. All proceeds go to the LTWA.

A public lecture on this book and text was given at the Rangjung Yeshe Institute in October 2018 and is available to listen to here. There is a short introduction by Dr. Diane Denis who explains how the Zhentong view is often not represented, or misrepresented, in scholarly research, and the actual talk starts at 1.14 mins in.

For more about the book, and the new artwork on the cover of the second edition, created by master Tibetan calligrapher, Jamyang Dorjee, see here.

The Explicit and Hidden Aspects of Tārā: Commentary on the Twenty-One Tārās by Jetsun Tāranātha. Translated and edited by Adele Tomlin, Dakini Publications, 2020.

A short and beautiful commentary on the conventional and definitive aspects of the twenty-one Tārās by Tāranātha.  In the text, Tāranātha also briefly teaches how the practice of Tāra is connected to the six vajra-yogas of Kālacakra.  Free download here for those with both Tārā and Kālacakra empowerments.

Condensed Essence of Empty-of-Other by Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo

This e-book text (click on the link for details) is an extremely precise, profound and clear explanation and presentation of the main points of the empty-of-other view and succinctly captures the central points that need to be understood. From this text, it is clear that Khyentse Wangpo follows the view of the Jonang Dolpopa, opening the text with the lines:

“Here is a little explanation of the tradition of the Empty-of-Other Madhyamaka of the great Jonangpa Omniscient One [Dolpopa].

Ultimate truth is indestructible, unconditioned and beyond interdependence. Conventional truth is phenomena that are born and decay, which gather together dependent on causes and conditions.”‘

Teaching on Mind-Only view from Vasubandhu’s Thirty Verses by 17th Gyalwang Karmapa, Ogyen Trinley Dorje (January 2023 – continued from March 2022)

FROM MASSES OF ABLE AND WILLING DHARMA TRANSLATORS TO AN ELITE ‘SELECT FEW’: The ‘translation-school ‘ methods of the ancient Buddha Dharma translators during the four main eras of the 900-year period of intensive translation in China (Thirty Verses by Vasubandhu 17th Karmapa, January 2023, Day 10)

‘PROVING MIND-ONLY’ (成唯識論; Chéng Wéishì Lùn), XUANZANG’S TRANSLATION AND COMMENTARY OF VASUBANDHU’S ‘THIRTY VERSES’ AND ITS TEN GREAT INDIAN COMMENTARIES: A CHINESE NEW YEAR OFFERING AND TRIBUTE. (Thirty Verses by Vasubandhu 17th Karmapa, January 2023, Day 9)

MIND-ONLY IN TIBET (PART II): Five Dharmas of Maitreya in Tibet; Kagyu, Jonang and Sakya Zhentong view and differences; Dolpopa’s assertions about Mind-Only Texts as Zhentong Middle Way; and the need for the Third Mahayana school ‘Buddha Nature’ (17th Karmapa teaching, Day 8)

A ‘MASTERPIECE’ TIBETAN DEFENCE AND REVIVAL OF YOGACĀRĀ MIND-ONLY: Extensive Commentary on Indian master Vasubandhu’s Thirty Verses of Mind-Only by 17th Gyalwang Karmapa (Introduction/Day 1, January 2022)

“Magic Key for Entering Knowledge” on the philosophical tenets by Khenpo Gangshar (9th Thrangu Rinpoche teachings)

THE PROFOUND INTENT OF MANTRA, ‘FIRE PEAK’ ORNAMENT OF THE DHARMATA: ATIYOGA (DZOGCHEN). The supreme pinnacle path of Atiyoga (Dzogchen), the non-duality of creation and completion (Magic Key Commentary teaching by 9th Thrangu Rinpoche (Session 10) (Magic Key Commentary teaching by 9th Thrangu Rinpoche (Session 10)

BUDDHA NATURE IS NOT LIKE A ‘CHILDLESS WOMAN’S CHILD: THE CLARITY ASPECT OF BUDDHA NATURE AND MIND: The importance of bodhicitta, devotion and recognising the nature of mind as a union of clarity-emptiness (Magic Key, Day 8, Thrangu Rinpoche)

MAGIC KEY FOR ENTERING KNOWLEDGE (PART IV): SUGATAS GONE TO BLISS, THE EMPTY-OF-OTHER (ZHEN-TONG) VIEW. Buddha Nature bliss beyond suffering and clarity awareness-emptiness indivisible union ultimate nature (Thrangu Rinpoche teaching)

MAGIC KEY FOR ENTERING KNOWLEDGE (PART III): ‘CONEQUENTIALIST MIDDLE WAY’ SCHOOL. The Consequentialist (Prasangika) Middle Way school and the fault of negating everything into empty-of-self (rang-tong) without asserting the ultimate ‘basis’ and qualities of Buddha Nature, the union of clear awareness-emptiness

MAGIC KEY TO ENTERING KNOWLEDGE (PART II): THE THREE ‘MIDDLE WAY’ (MĀDHYAMIKA) SCHOOLS: Overview of the three Middle Way schools and explanation of the first, the Autonomist Mādhyamika (Rang-Gyupa) and the Three ‘Autonomist’ Eastern Abbots: Bhāviveka, Śāntarakṣita and Kamalaśīla

THE MAGIC KEY FOR “ENTERING THE GATEWAY OF KNOWLEDGE” (KHE-JUG) (PART I): THE DIFFERENT SCHOOLS/TENETS (DRUB-THA): The non-Buddhist schools and two ‘externalist’ Buddhist schools of the Hinayana and Mind-Only (9th Thrangu Rinpoche’s teachings on Jamgon Mipham Rinpoche’s Gateway to Knowledge

OPENING THE DOOR TO BUDDHIST PHILOSOPHICAL TENETS AND ULTIMATE VIEW: ‘Gateway of Knowledge’ by Ju Mipham Rinpoche with ‘Magic Key’ commentary by Khenchen Thrangu Rinpoche: Parinirvana anniversary commemoration offering

Other Research/Posts

NOT SACRIFICING CONDUCT FOR THE VIEW: Guru Padmasambhava on ethical conduct as an essential Buddhist foundation of Vajrayana, unconventional yogic conduct (tul-zhug), the questionable mis-use of mass empowerments and months of speed-read oral transmissions

New Dharma Talk: ‘A Bird With Two Wings: Flying with the Correct View of Emptiness’; by Adele Tomlin (Tricycle: The Buddhist Review, May 2023)

New Video: Short Meditation on the Two Views of Emptiness and their relevance to daily life(from Tricycle Dharma Talk: May 2023)

Jonang and the ‘Empty-of Other’ Great Madhyamaka: Excerpt from Introduction of Tāranātha’s Commentary on the Heart Sūtra (Tomlin, 2017)

The Shentong View of Emptiness – A Short Introduction and Reader

On the meaning and translation of ‘Shentong’ – a modern debate or the sexist dismissal of a woman’s voice?

MOTHER OF ALL THE BUDDHAS: Prajnaparamita and the Ultimate View 

THE ‘MOTHER OF WISDOM’: Pictures, poems and songs on Mother’s Day!

The Difference between Prājña (sherab) and Jñāna (yeshe) and their role in understanding the Buddhist view

NEW TRANSLATION: “Condensed Essence of Empty-of-Other” by Jamyang Khyentse Wangpo

The 8th Tai Situpa, Tāranātha, Shentong and the Golden Stupa at Sherab Ling

New Translations in Remembrance of Khenpo Tsultrim Gyamtso Rinpoche – Shentong yogi-scholar

The 14th Dalai Lama on the Jonang Kālacakra Six Yogas and Shentong – English translation